History of Ancient China Essay - 3939 Words

History of Ancient China China is located in East Asia. Ancient China is surrounded by Gobi Desert in the north, the Pacific Ocean in the east, the Himalayan Mountains in the southwest, and the Taklimakan desert in the west. This land has a wide variation of animals because of the different habitats provided for them. Most farming was done in the very fertile lands of the Yangtze valley. Present China is much bigger than Ancient China, which means that over time, the kings and different dynasties went gaining more and more land and wealth. All of the major rivers go in a western to eastern direction, and end up in the Pacific Ocean. The two major rivers of China are the Yangtze and the Huan He. The major river of North China is†¦show more content†¦China started having a government in the Shang dynasty. They ruled what would now be Henan, Hubei, Shandong and part of Anhui. The Shang were an aristocratic society, or a heredity ruling class. This dynasty was also the first to leave written records. Th e principal Shang city was Anyang, it was in a clearance deep inside the forest. In 1027 BC, the Zhou overthrew the Shang and made their own dynasty. They were both very alike, and there was not much change in culture. But the Zhou brought up many fresh ideas, which would seem obvious because all people think in different ways, and have different solutions to their problems. As an excuse of overthrowing the Shang, they said that the last Shang king had done so badly, that the gods weren’t satisfied, so they decided to let the Zhou rule. This is a part of the mandate of heaven, which meant that the ruler had approval from the gods. The Zhou dynasty also appointed lands to nobles and members of the king’s family, these nobles were granted land, but the land wasn’t theirs, because it all belonged to the king, this was called feudalism. These nobles had to provide protection to the people that lived there. The social pyramid in this government are the following. At the top was the king, ruler of all. He appointed nobles, to manage some land and territory. The nobles were very close to the king, orShow MoreRelatedHistory Of Ancient China s History1785 Words   |  8 Pages Terracotta Army- Archaeology History of Ancient China Due: 16/3/2015 By Jasen Naci â€Æ' Table of Contents: 1.0 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 2.0 Ancient Emperor†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.1 3.0 Terracotta Warriors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..1 4.0 Significance Findings†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 5.0 Excavation Site†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....2 6.0 Problems Mitigation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 7.0 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 8.0 Controversies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 9.0 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreThe Oldest Recorded Paleographical Records That Are Left From China s Ancient History1588 Words   |  7 PagesEALC 001 Many of the oldest recorded paleographical records that are left from China’s ancient history have shown the significance of communication with the spiritual world. The concept of the Chinese spiritual world evolved large from the Chinese focus on filial piety and the harmony that exists between those alive and deceased. A diviner would use his or her interpretation to assist patrons in how to proceed by interpreting events, signs or contact with forces that are supernatural. However,Read MoreARTICLE REVIEW â€Å"A Preservation Framework for Chinese Ancient Book† 1.0. Introduction China is known1500 Words   |  6 PagesARTICLE REVIEW â€Å"A Preservation Framework for Chinese Ancient Book† 1.0. Introduction China is known as one of the largest country that had million numbers of citizens that created lots of historical and cultural legacy that left since thousand years ago. There were lots of the values that remain by the dynasties which are importance for the historical and cultural purpose for the country. According to Chan (nd), from his studies he had stated that China was a country that had tremendous amount of literatureRead MoreScientific and Mathematical Contributions of Ancient Greece, China, and India1112 Words   |  4 Pagesmathematical skills and theories from ancient civilizations. Ancient Greece is often known for its strong advancements in philosophy. Ancient China is most well known for its inventions. The Ancient Indian civilization is usually not viewed as an important society in ancient history because they kept very few written records. Most people dont know just how important Ancient India actually was in history. The scientific and mathematical contributions of A ncient Greece, China, and India have all had a greatRead MoreEssay on The Culture and History of China1656 Words   |  7 Pages Over the last 3000 years, China has had many inspirational leaders who have greatly influenced Chinas economy, literature, and philosophy. Not only have each one of Chinas historical and contemporary leaders had an impact on China as a nation, but many of their ideas have flourished throughout literature which has allowed other countries around the world to attain those ideas and learn from them. One of China’s great leaders whose ideas, theories and philosophical ponderings have had a greatRead MoreRiver Valley Civilizations Essay726 Words   |  3 PagesAncient river valley civilizations are one of the earliest societies in the world. The rises of these ancient river valley civilizations started the first cradle of civilization. The Indus Valley Civilization, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Mesopotamia, and Ancient China are the earliest civilizations that were successful enough to make enough food for everybody. Every one of these civilizations had three things in common: they all had a special relationship with the river, they created their own writingRead MoreIntroduction. The Pilgrimage Of Faxian And Xuanzang To1548 Words   |  7 Pagesevent in the cultural exchange between China and India because their experiences of pilgrimages have significant effects on not only development of Buddhism in China as well as cultural exchange between China and India. Faxian and Xuanzang actively participated in various Buddhist activities in India. Their travel experiences were maintained in detailed records of their precious books, which are preservation of valuable historical information such as Ancient Buddhism, geography and social customsRead MoreEssay about Religion in Ancient China and Egypt1569 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Dixon 1 Daniel Dixon Dr. Campbell History 114 3/20/14 Religion in Ancient China and Egypt Religion has played a very important role in society and the history of mankind for over thousands of years. Originally created by ancient peoples as a way to explain the unknown, religion has greatly evolved and spread across the globe. As new religions have formed and spread, the diversity and similarities between these new religions have also increased, especially due to their geographic locationsRead MorePolitical Systems in Ancient China1151 Words   |  5 PagesPolitical Systems in Ancient China. Politic has always been defined as a pivotal point to human development, especially in structuring a civilization and nation. According to Wikipedia, the term politic was derived from the Greek word ‘politikos’, which means the theory and practice of influencing other people on many levels, or in other words, an exercise of governance over a community (Wikipedia). Politic is unique in all places: different country and state may have different types of ruling systemRead MoreAncient Chinese Compass And Its Effects On Civilization1581 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Chinese Compass and its Effects on Civilization The Chinese culture is up to 5000 years old. Approximately 56 different ethnic groups live in China. Buddhism is by far the largest religion in China, significantly impacting their culture. Buddhism brought with it a whole new array of beliefs, such as a very detailed description of heaven and hell, the belief in reincarnation, and the idea of karma. Those three things made their way into the Chinese culture. A set of beliefs, called Confucianism

The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock - 1729 Words

The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock The dramatic monologue â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock was written by Thomas Stearns Eliot and published in June of 1915. Eliot was born in St Louis, Missouri on September 26, 1888, where he grew up and lived until the age of eighteen. After high school, Eliot studied at Harvard University in Cambridge, MA and the Sorbonne in Paris, France. Eventually, Eliot ended up in England where he married his wife Vivien and spent the remainder of his life. Throughout his college years, Eliot was active in the writing of literature, even having some of his early poetry published in the Harvard Advocate. In England, Eliot met and befriended fellow expatriate Ezra Pound, who was very†¦show more content†¦Eliot). T. S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Love song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† is recognized as one of the most important poems of all time because almost everyone can identify with the insecurity of J. Alfred Prufrock at one time or othe r, which makes it very realistic. The monologue style of â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† is interesting because it doesn’t clearly identify whether or not the speaker is talking to another person or his inner self. A monologue is like a conversation, but uses the language of poetry. This particular dramatic monologue tells the story of J. Alfred Prufrock, a man who is so wracked with insecurity and worried about how others perceive him that he is afraid to live his life. The rhyme scheme in this monologue is irregular, but it does have structure. T.S. Eliot used mostly free verse form, but also employed the use of refrains; â€Å"In the room the woman come and go/Talking of Michelangelo.† is repeated twice in the monologue (l.13-14 35-36). There are also fragments of Petrarchan sonnet forms within the monologue especially towards the ending and the three line stanza, â€Å"Shall I part my hair behind? Do I dare to eat a peach? /I shall wear wh ite flannel trousers, and walk upon the beach/I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each† (l.122-124) are end rhymed. Prufrock reallyShow MoreRelatedThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1647 Words   |  7 Pagesseen in T.S. Eliot’s work The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. The main character, Prufrock, plans to ask the woman he loves the overwhelming question of marriage, but due to his pessimistic outlook, he became hesitant and self conscious. Surges of insecurity arise, and instead of proposing his love, Prufrock delays the question and spends the night talking nonsense to avoid the situation. In the end, Prufrock’s insecurities and fear of rejection alter his feelings of love into a sense of emotional protectionRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock970 Words   |  4 PagesNever in Love When reading the title of T.S Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† it is believed we are in store for a poem of romance and hope. A song that will inspire embrace and warmth of the heart, regretfully this is could not be further from the truth. This poem takes us into the depths of J. Alfred Prufrock, someone who holds faltering doubt and as a result may never come to understand real love. â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† takes us through Prufrock’s mindset and his self-doubtingRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1072 Words   |  5 Pages We may never be given a second chance to do something daring ever again so we seize the day! However, people like in J. Alfred Prufrock make the attempt to do but it doesn’t work. â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† written by T.S. Elliot, essentially is about a simple man that wishes to ask a question, although the question is never revealed, the reader is taken on journey the with the speaker, only to find that they have spent a lengthy amount of time of their lives without ever asking theRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock Essay1928 Words   |  8 PagesHuman Voices Wake Us and We Drown’: Community in ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock’,† James Haba contends that the repeated use of â€Å"you†, â€Å"we†, and â€Å"us† in T. S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† creates a personal ambience around the reader and Prufrock. Because of this, Haba argues that Eliot’s use of personal pronouns and references produces a sense of community and intimacy between the reader and Prufrock (53), even though Prufrock seemingly struggles with emotions of intimacy andRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock915 Words   |  4 PagesThe Love Song of Alfred Prufrock: Taking the Love out of Song A tragedy in a poem is usually characterized as an event that has a tragic or unhappy ending. They generally are used to teach morals or lessons. T.S. Eliot’s, â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock†, is considered a tragedy because of the way Eliot uses four different writing styles: word choice, figurative language, images, and biblical allusions. Using these styles, Eliot acknowledges the tragic endeavor of single, reclusiveRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1125 Words   |  5 Pagesmodernism. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, despite being one of T.S Eliot s earliest publications, still manages to remain one of the most famous. He uses this poem to not only draw out the psychological aspect of members of modern society, but also to draw out the aspect of the time that he lived in. The speaker of this poem is a modern man who feels alone, isolated, and incapable of making decisive actions for himself. Prufrock desires to speak to a woman about his love for her, but heRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock986 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by T. S. Eliot and Dover Beach by Matthew Arnold the poets utilizes poetic devices to convey their respective themes. Through use of symbols and metaphors, the speaker in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock displays his fears of the changes brought with the younger generation, and isolation from the changing society. The speaker in Dover Beach, utilizes symbols, metaphors, and similes to state that the younger generation has less faith than the older, and societyRead MoreThe Love Song of J Alfred Prufrock1966 Words   |  8 Pagessymbolism to capture the readers attention in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. The poem has a dramatic discourse. The percipience of lifes emptiness is the main theme of the poem. Eliot exhorts the spiritual decomposition by exploring a type of life in death. T. S. Eliot, who in the Clark Lectures notes, Real Irony is an expression of suffering(Lobb, 53), uses irony and symbolism throughout the poem to exemplify the suffering of J. Alfred Prufrock who belie ves he is filled with spiritual morbidityRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1005 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† published in 1915, was written by a man named T.S. Eliot. The speaker of the poem begins to describe an evening that appears to be somewhat romantic and a little mysterious. As the reader progresses into the poem, the mood soon fades and the reader starts to figure out that this evening is not what they pictured. â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† is a poem written by Robert Frost. The poem was first published in 1927. The speaker of the poem has a similar mood asRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock Essay990 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† by T.S. Elliot is in part a satire. It was written in the form of a dramatic monologue delivered by the poem’s speaker, J. Alfred Prufrock. It begins with him asking an unknown â€Å"you† to accompany him on a walk. The t wo walk through town and stumbles upon women talking about Michelangelo at a social event. The women’s bare arms and long dresses show off their knowledge of art. Prufrock wishes to talk to the women and is attracted to them sexually but he is afraid

Mtvs Influence on Popular Culture - 938 Words

Meghan Balmer 10/20/10 Popular Culture Critical Survey Project It would be hard for one to dispute the fact that MTV has influenced every pop culture trend since its birth in 1981. One could even say that MTV is pop culture. No other media network holds in the palm of its hand the power to control popular cultural evolution the way MTV does. What other media network has influenced and help shape public opinion, filmmaking, newsgathering techniques, presidential politics, and world politics like MTV has? In addition to that, MTV can take credit for reconstructing the music industry (Rushkoss 126). One would be hard pressed to find a person who does not enjoy some type of music. MTV chose popular music as its beating heart, instead†¦show more content†¦A young male may think that the more half-naked women he has following him around, the more successful he is. This is a bit extreme, but extreme sells. However, the underlying theme is the point here. That theme being that MTV at any given point is trying to sell an image that appe al to its designated viewers. In conclusion, MTV has signified change in the pop culture around us, because it has helped shape the world around us. MTV has drastically changed youth culture around the world, defining popular culture and speaking on behalf of young adults everywhere. MTV has transported its powerful advertising to millions of youths and is often criticized for promoting American culture to the rest of the world. Many intellectuals slam the network for destroying traditions and imposing American values and beliefs thereby forcing a homogenization of world youth culture (Williams 200-215). However, even with all of this critical disapproval, MTV continues to expand globally. Work Cited Barros, Laura, ed. â€Å"MTV - Around The World.† http://www.jmk.su.se/global00/laura/projects/mtvworld.htm. Philo, Simon. Getting Dumber and Dumber: MTV s Global Footprint. Cultural Studies Study Group 16 Sept. 1999. Accessed 19 July 2000. Rushkoff, Douglas. Media Virus: Hidden Agendas in Popular Culture. New York: Ballantine, 1994. Williams, Rosalind, The Dream World of Mass Consumption,Show MoreRelatedMtv Essay1033 Words   |  5 PagesMARINA OREB 13000069 CRST1 ESSAY – OPTION 1 (MTV) MTV can be defined as â€Å"a cable and satellite television channel which broadcasts popular music and promotional music videos.† (oxforddictionaries.com.n.d.). Launched on August 1st 1981, MTV’s programme started out by helping musicians gain exposure through music videos. This helped TV audiences connect with music by new means. As MTV became more recognised, the network branched out by creating new means of entertainment. MTV has remained relevantRead MoreMtv Networks: Case Study Essay1378 Words   |  6 PagesAugust 1, 1981 was MTV’s first day on the air; it featured a music video clip called Video Killed the Radio Star, by The Buggles. The title proved a bit prophetic as MTV greatly transformed the nature of the music industry over the next few decades. At the same time, MTV became a major presence in the cable TV industry and in the overall American culture. Since its premiere, MTV has revolutionized the music industry. Slogans such as I want my MTV became a part of pop culture history and the conceptRead More Music Television: Modern Phenomenon or Passing Fad? Essay816 Words   |  4 Pagesnetwork sends out, it has become a huge franchise generating large profits and great popularity. MTV’s entertainment, commercialism, and messages satisfy and influence many types of viewers, giving us, the viewing audience, a better understanding of the immense popularity of Music Television (MTV). As the entertainment mogul, MTV jumpstarted careers and dictated nearly every move in pop-culture. Its â€Å"children† range from Madonna to Britney Spears. With 1988’s â€Å"Yo! MTV Raps,† it brought hip-hopRead More MTVs Portrayal of Women Essay2301 Words   |  10 PagesMTVs Portrayal of Women I see the rattle and the hum of music television. Flash upon flash of sensory information lights the screen with sound bites, flashbulbs, sex and rock and roll. I am watching MTV in the semi-darkness of a friends living room and it is easy for me to understand the attraction of this style of television. MTV is pure energy. It has vitality, powerful images, larger-than-life heroes, and the edginess that the best pop music always has. I find MTV strangely hypnoticRead MorePop Cultures Influence on Teenagers Essay1403 Words   |  6 PagesPop culture, a phenomenon, that has taken root all across the nation. The misleading term culture contact doesnt begin to express the dramatic effects of changes brought by outsiders the shock of contact has taken many forms, initially, at least, to indigenous people just the physical presence of outsiders was shocking. As Northrop Frye would put it, â€Å"Popular art is normally decried as vulgar by the cultivated people of its time; then it l oses favor with its original audience as a new generationRead MoreEssay on Mtvs 16 Pregnant Glorifies Teen Pregnancy1582 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the National Center for Health Statistics, 86 percent of mothers who give birth out-of-wedlock are teenagers. MTV’s show â€Å"16 Pregnant,† which has only been on air since June 2009, is already reflecting the rapid boom in teenage pregnancy across various cities in America. Since the early eighties MTV has been considered somewhat of a cultural phenomenon for American adolescents and its depiction of gender has a strong impact that continues to this day (Holtzman 2000). Created by MorganRead More Media Literacy in the Classroom Essay1340 Words   |  6 Pagesstrongly influences values and behaviors. Furthermore, media goes beyond personal and direct experiences. Media also has the ability to influences us subconsciously. In addition, media literacy can increase our enjoyment of the media. Due to the enormous im pact media plays in the lives of citizens, media literacy must develop into an integral component of school curriculum. The first argument for media literacy deals with the notion that media plays a dominant role in politics and culture. MediaRead More MTV: Music Mainstream Essay2760 Words   |  12 Pagesthe radio industry. Videos were played and interspersed with commercials all the while the station identified itself by using the well-known astronaut with the flag and the slogan â€Å"I want my MTV†. The slogan is an adaptation of a commercial for a popular breakfast cereal of the 1960s and early 1970s. This may have struck a subliminal nerve in the youth of that time, and this one. The early video genre was much like a blank canvass for a painter, artistic expression seized on the new media. TheRead MoreTeenagers and the Plastic Surgery Epidemic Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages Today, an overwhelming number of American teenagers choose to alter their body in order to fit the unrealistic standard of physical attractiveness created by our beauty-obsessed culture. Teens feel an immense amount of pressure to look â€Å"beautiful† from the media, peers and even parents. Teenagers are going to extreme lengths to reach this physical perfection, but when it comes down to it, just how far is too far? The numbers of teens going through with plastic surgery is startlingRead MoreEffect of Global Youth Culture2404 Words   |  10 Pagesrespective products are placed on the market. 2. Global youth culture Youth is a psycho-social phenomenon, a part of the population organised into many subcultures, which because of a high consumption affinity, appears attractive for enterprises. 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Plastic Surgery And Its Effect On Society - 1995 Words

As human being, beauty is something that we always seek for and consider as one of the most crucial factors of our social and academic lives. For many of us, beauty comes from a kind heart and the willingness to contribute as well as living a meaningful life, which means the inside beauty is the most important. Meanwhile, a good looking appearance with the attractive body figure is the definition of beauty for others, especially among young girls and women. There are a lot of people who are fortunate enough to be confident with their appearance, but every morning, there are also thousands of girls waking up with the depression in their mind, looking at the mirror and sadly cry because of the insecurity on their own beauty. The†¦show more content†¦In the article â€Å"Positive Effects of Plastic Surgery†, the author conducts a survey among a group of people who experienced plastic surgery with the practical hope for a better future and career, they all agree that thei r decisions make positive changes to their academic and daily lives. Without a doubt, plastic surgery could significantly increase their self-confident and mental health, which motivates them to become a better version of themselves. With a good looking appearance, a person who used to hide from the crowd is now able to be more active and contribute to his community with confidence and the willingness to try new things. (â€Å"Positive Effects†). Since confidence is the powerful tool that encourages us to live a meaningful life and be more adventurous, plastic surgery is proven to help people who have the lack of confident and gives them a better life. The dramatical increase of confidence and mental health are the primary benefits of plastic surgery, while the physical health would be noticed in the near future. This argument could be a surprise for many people because we usually assumed that plastic surgery will only bring in health disadvantages. In fact, the writer from the website â€Å"Smart Beauty Guide† argues that plastic surgery could possibly have many health benefits for patients. Specifically, the Excess Skin Removal is a powerful surgery that will help people whose weight dramaticallyShow MoreRelatedPlastic Surgery And Its Effects On Society1363 Words   |  6 PagesAs of recent plastic surgery has become extremely popular, so popular to the point that it has gotten out of control. Although it has been around for many years, the high standards of beauty in today’s society has recently led both women and men to resolve their so-called imperfections with plastic surgery, making plastic surgery the new nor m. Sadly, in this day and age all you see when turning on the TV, flipping through a magazine, or simply going on social media, is models creating an ideal imageRead MorePlastic Surgery And The Effects On Society1897 Words   |  8 PagesPlastic Surgery and the Effects on Society Have you ever wondered how plastic surgery really works? What are the added benefits to having this surgery, and what are the dangers? How many people actually partake in these procedures every year? These are questions that many have and I would love to answer. What is plastic surgery you might ask? Plastic surgery is a surgery that improves or repairs parts of the body. Plenty of people think that this is the way to go, but I feel otherwise. There is moreRead MorePlastic Surgery And Its Effects On Society956 Words   |  4 PagesAs time progresses, plastic surgery becomes a lot popular. Plastic surgery isn’t just what’s seen on TV and on social media; plastic surgery is much more than facelifts, rhinoplasty, and breast enhancements. In fact, â€Å"plastic surgery is anything that undergoes the process of reconstructing or repairing parts of the body.† (Reconstructive Surgery) The facelift Kris Jenner recently just had done is equally considered plastic surgery as an ordinary person removing an extra finger they were born withRead MoreEffects Of Plastic Surgery On Today Society1483 Words   |  6 PagesPlastic surgery has been around for decade, but now it making a real impact on today society. Many experts believe that it’s the influence of the media or the influence of people around us, which portrays the idea of self-image. There are many views of where plastic surgery makes a big impact like adolescent to middle age years and the media. Self-esteem is major factor of why many women and men receive surgery, however some experts say that this procedure doesn’t boosts confidence, while othersRead MorePlastic Surgery And Its Effects On Society959 Words   |  4 PagesOver time, plastic surgery has become a lot more popular. Plastic surgery isn’t just what’s seen on TV and on social media; plastic surgery is much more than facelifts, rhinoplasty, and breast enhancements. In fact, â€Å"plastic surgery is anyt hing that undergoes the process of reconstructing or repairing parts of the body.† (Reconstructive Surgery) The facelift Kris Jenner recently had done is equally considered plastic surgery as an everyday person removing an extra finger they were born with. TheseRead MorePlastic Surgery And Its Effect On Society1169 Words   |  5 PagesIn today’s society has paint a picture in which beauty is curvaceous goddess with fare complex and sex appeal. This portrayal of the standard of beauty has convinced and blind society to believe that on must achieve such look to be happy or feel good about them. These standards of beauty are projected through the media, magazines, advertisements and the ideal beautiful portray. Many people feel that the only way to achieve such looks is through the process of plastic surgery, women especially. Read MorePlastic Surgery And Its Effects On Society844 Words   |  4 PagesReal-Life Photoshop Plastic Surgery is defined as the process of reconstructing or repairing parts of the body, either in the treatment for injury or cosmetic reason. Just like any other topic, plastic surgery has both negative and positive attributes. Depending on the opinion, there may be more of one than that of the other, but in the case of this paper there are more negative. Plastic surgery has been deemed acceptable by countless celebrities and television shows, and has left a huge not soRead MoreHow Plastic Surgery Affects Society1551 Words   |  7 Pagescontroversial; plastic surgery has the capability to change lives of various individuals from diverse socioeconomic levels. Plastic surgery covers a broad spectrum of services which are included in reconstructive surgery, as well as, the popular aesthetic appeal of cosmetic surgery. Plastic surgery affects society both physically, psychologically, and emotionally. From Operation Smile to botox, accident victims to breast augmentation, and Litt le Baby Face Foundation to facelifts; plastic surgery can giveRead MoreSocial Media On Teen Plastic Surgery1177 Words   |  5 PagesI) Introduction a. Understanding plastic surgery. b. Knowing the reason why people would most likely operate plastic surgery. c. Knowing whether plastic surgery is a way to promote beauty or destroy it. II) The Main Conflict a. Knowing how plastic surgery destroys beauty rather than promote it. b. Many people go overboard with surgery to look MORE beautiful. c. Lack of self-confidence guides people into fakeness. III) Plastic surgery in a developing teenager a. The influenceRead MoreTaking a Look at Plastic Surgery1016 Words   |  4 PagesLiving in a judgmental society and a demanding workplace, people are prompted to do whatever it takes for them to maintain their inner pride. Low self esteem and lack of confidence are great factors which push people to change themselves into what they think is better. They are willing to put themselves under the knife just to accomplish their dream of extraordinary beauty. Plastic surgery is an easy road to the illusion of what people refer to as perfection. This subject is more closely related

The Silicon Valley Technology Free Essays

The Silicon Valley Technology simulation created a good opportunity for me to observe situations and expectation under a corporate environment. Through interactions with other managers and executives, I had experienced many issues regarding business operation and management that were mentioned in the class. I would like to share what I observed, encountered, and applied into four main topics: interpersonal communication, relationship management, influencing people, and decision-making process. We will write a custom essay sample on The Silicon Valley Technology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Interpersonal communication technique played a crucial role in the SVT simulation. As a Director of Advanced Product, I had to report to the vice president and also pass information to other directors and managers. Our division worked closely because all of us knew each other from the same class. That basic trust was built quickly during the early stage of development. The Vice President of Advance Product made sure everyone’s voice and concern were included into every discussion to reduce blind spots. For example, I had a request to set aside at least 21 million dollars to fully develop the video products. The VP asked the Director of Product Development if she had the same budget plan or related concerns. This way, we could allocate the budget efficiently to prevent double-spending. We also set a basic norm to focus and respond appropriately when others were sharing important information. This active listening will help others to gain clear understanding of the situation, so I can take responsible actions. When I talked to the product managers about the shipping schedule, I would let them finish their talk first and try to suspend my judgments, and then repeat what I have heard to ensure correctness and share my point of views. What I observed was the way I received messages through multiple channels, the facial expressions, gestures and non-verbal language to clearly understand their points. Although our group communication was truly informative and supportive, I am aware of spending a lot of times in prioritizing the issues and exchanging information to the extent that I ran out of the time to come up with possible alternatives and had to make decisions hastily. What I could have done better was to avoid ambiguous communication and emotional involvement. When I suggested hiring new sales forces and establishing international offices in Europe, I did not provide a clear answer or data to support my ideas. When our discussion became heated, I felt that the greater the emotional involvement, the greater the likelihood of distortion. If I could eliminate these communication issues, I could have allocated more quality time to make better decisions and received fewer complaints about the deadline. Management of Relationship is one of the key functions in the SVT simulation. There were several situations where I had applied what I learned from the case study â€Å"Managing Your Boss. Even though everyone in our division knew each other already, I had no clues about their preferred working styles. It took me some times to figure them out. My VP was very energetic with a get-it-done attitude, but she intended to interrupt the discussions and instructed us to get to the main points directly. The other product manager was very down to earth and a detail-oriented person. For example, when I spoke to the VP about our target estimate for video products, I used bulleted points and data, such as the focus on global market expansion, hiring qualified sale engineers, and budget allocations. On the other hand, since the product manager is more detail-oriented, I would cover information in depth whenever possible. Thus, understanding your boss and peers would definitely enhance the efficiency. I also had experienced a paradox of information flow in two different directions. I usually received a lot of information from my region sale forces and supplied to my VP to make decisions. The upward flow of information, which was adapted by the VP, was a standard norm in Advance Product division. Besides, I could report both good news and negative surprises. When the level went up to the president and vice presidents, the flow of information went downward. There seemed to be much information was related to Advance Product but only known by the top management. When it comes to gaining supports from top management under Silicon Valley Technology, the best way to do it was through influencing people. For instance, in order to reduce employee turnovers and shipping costs, the production director and I tried to relocate the manufacturing factory to Indiana. However, unless there would be an additional budget and an action plan approved from the top management, this plan wouldn’t work out. Therefore, I went to the corporate library to look up the forecast of future regional sale growth and the shipment schedule predictions. I implemented influence tactic by persuading the VP with a complete budget plan and forecasts through an adequate levels of communication. The VP also chose the correct combination of influence tactics such as ingratiation and a rational plan for the president to be nfluenced. Finally, the committee meeting granted our request to include sufficient funds in the next year annual budget. What I observed was that the persuasion went smoothly because it was a simulation; there were not many arguments and push backs. It will not be as easy in real world settings. In addition, the another way to influence people was developing a network of resourceful people whom can be called upon for assistance, such as the special project manager who was in charge of the strategic planning for the future of the company. With deadlines in mind, the timeliness of decision making process became relatively important in SVT simulation. As a director, I have many decisions to make between my regional sales teams and international salespeople. Many of these decisions are programmed decisions, which are repetitive and routine. A routine procedure has been developed for handling them, such as a request from my Northwestern Sales Office to have rewards to celebrate the success of getting the biggest order from NorCal Power. In this case, I would follow the recognition policy to give them rewards. However, most decisions are non-programmed not only in SVT simulation, but also in the real world situations. These decisions were required by unique and complex management problems and were consisted of a complete process including a clear objective, resource allocations, time management and so on. In our first meeting of Advance Product with the VP, the product development directors and product managers, the VP urgently informed us that Flemming Inc. ould like to partner with AP to expand its market in Europe and a division decision was due before the committee meeting in 45 minutes. Under this time pressure, we quickly established specific goals, using this opportunity to increase market presence in Europe and to test out international markets of new home video products. We also identified problems that Flemming Inc. might steal our technology because SVT was mainly responsible for the RD, not marketing and sales. It might delay our own RD process since this partnership would receive most of the resources. Thirdly, although the VP was patient to include our voices and ideas, we spent a lot of time prioritizing issues and doing cost/benefit analysis to come up with only a few alternatives, such as asking Flemming Inc. to include our brand name on the future products, and increase our forecast revenue to almost double by 40%. But In the end of the discussion, we ran out the time to evaluate the alternatives and decision was made by the VP hastily since she had to go to the meeting and had the final say. After the VP left for the meeting, I reflected on our decision making process, which was inefficient in term of pre-work and time management. First, in the beginning, I did not have any information about Flemming Inc. since the information was from our President to only the VP as an urgent matter. Second, when the meeting was called, I was not informed of the agenda that would be discussed. As a result of that, time management generated the most impact on the decision making process. This could be improved by setting up a clear agenda before the meeting, obtaining extra information from the corporate library, and working out the cost-benefit analysis. These improvements would bring us to a reasonable expectation on what we were trying to achieve and would not waste time to brainstorm the pro and con during the meeting. Instead, the time we spent could work on evaluating the alternatives and choosing one. Eventually, we could have more time to make a group decision rather than relying on one person’s decision. Although there were many mistakes and learning opportunities during the decision making process, I was glad to have the managers and peers who were willing to listen and accept everyone’s ideas so we could quickly establish specific goals and identify the problems. Through the SVT simulation, it was a great experience for me because I had never worked in a corporate environment so I was impressed what I observed and experienced. Although the time wasn’t enough for me to apply what I have learned from the class, I could tell the importance of interpersonal communication and relationship management that. These techniques would definitely help me sharp my tactics of influencing people and then apply to the decision making process. How to cite The Silicon Valley Technology, Papers

Accounting Software Packages Acceptance of Australian Market

Question: Discuss about the Accounting Software Packages for Acceptance of Australian Market. Answer: Introduction There is always a need of accounting software packages for large firms. With the new ERP (Employee Resource Planning) implementation like ERP on cloud the mid-size organizations and the small organizations have also started to use the accounting software. There are number of small and large firms in Australia that uses accounting packages (Akhavansaffar, 2013). Organizations have realized the importance of accounting packages and the benefits that accounting software brings. By definition, accounting software describes a type of application software that records and processes accounting transactions within functional modules such as accounts payable, accounts receivable, payroll, and trial balance. The objective of this paper is to discuss the literature review on the accounting software packages that are being used in Australia. Xero is an accounting software package that has gain a far more acceptance in the Australian market (Granlund, 2011). The paper also discusses the various g aps that should be bridged in this industry and the ways to overcome these gaps. Analysis The market of accounting software product is a growing market in Australia. The history of the accounting software in Australia could be traced back to 1990s when the Information Systems started to establish the ground in the country (Green, 2015). There are large as well as small players in the market. The large players like Microsoft have the accounting solutions for the large firms, and the small firms would typically have the solution for the unorganized market segments. The large and third party players like Microsoft, Xero, Kashoo Accounting Software, Working Point Accounting software, etc. rules the market (Hansen, 2009). Xero is a powerful accounting software that caters to the need of mid-size and large organizations. The advantage of Xero over Microsoft Dynamics is that Xero is cost effective than Microsoft Dynamics. Therefore, the mid-size organizations can also afford Xero. There are various ways and methods to use Xero (Green, 2015). The two key methods that are used widely in Australia are: On premise installation of Xero: This method is recommended when the organizations have the prime motive of security. The financial institutions would mostly use on premise installation. With this option, the organizations are expected to make any initial investment to procure the hardware (Mouritsen, 2009). Xero on Cloud: With this method, the organization can save a lot of cost. The e-commerce players and the retailers would mostly use on cloud implementation. With this option, the organizations are not expected to make any initial investment to procure the system hardware (Sonar, 2009). In recent times, there has been a trend in the industry of using the cloud based accounting software. In fact, the Australian market has witnessed a transformation from on-premise installation to cloud based accounting software (Oster, 2012). There are various drivers of cloud based accounting software. The three key drivers of cloud based accounting system are: Cost advantage: The use of cloud based accounting packages enable organization to optimize the cost. With the use of cloud system, organizations can use the accounting information system on a license model. Accessibility: The cloud based information systems can be accessed anytime and from anywhere (Shoaib, 2012). In the cloud based model, the data and information is stored on the cloud and the stakeholders can access this data anytime. Efficiency and Deskilling: With the use of cloud based system, the organizations are not required to make any specific investment to have resources to manage the accounting software packages. It increases the overall efficiency of the organizations. The use of accounting systems and software also enables the organizations to emerge as process based organizations (Rahman, 2014). With the establishment of strong policies and procedures, the organizations can improve the efficiency levels. It is expected that the use of accounting software packages would increase in the future. The current trend in the market is definitely a platform for the cloud based system. However, organizations have to slightly compromise on the data security with the use of cloud based platform. In fact, this is the reason that the data sensitive industry like financial institutions do not use cloud based systems. Xero is a strong accounting software package that provides multiple solutions (Bruyn, 2016). There are various options to use this accounting package. The organizations can analyze their internal environment and then decide the type of accounting package that they want. The need of accounting package could different for different organizations. Some of the organizations may want on premise installation while some may demand cloud based implementation. The latest trends in the accounting software industry is the use of Platform as a Service and Infrastructure as a Service. The study of literature also reveals certain gaps in the use of accounting software in Australia. One of the gaps is the limited use of accounting software by small organizations. The maturity levels of the use of accounting software packages like Xero is high in the large organizations (Bruyn, 2016). However, the maturity level is not much high in the small organizations. Another observed gap is in the long term planning and use of accounting software (Oster, 2012). It is observed that organizations would make the decision to invest on the accounting software with a short-term vision. It is important that the organizations should have a long-term vision with the implementation of accounting software. Conclusions Recommendations The above paper discusses the use of accounting software packages in Australia. It is important that the accounting software package should be implemented along with the other ERP products in the organization. The complete benefits of Xero or any other accounting package could be realized only when organization can implement Xero in an integrated manner. The use of ERP systems would help the organizations to implement Xero in an integrated manner. The above paper also discusses the various types of alternatives to use accounting software package. In recent times, there has been a trend in the industry of using the cloud based accounting software. It is expected that the use of accounting software packages would increase in the future (Brooks, 2009). It is recommended that the organizations should take the inputs from various internal and external stakeholders before making any investment decision. The decision towards the use of accounting software should be a long term decision. It is not easy to change the accounting system used in the organization as it involves huge change. Therefore, the first step in the implementation of accounting software system should be the analysis of the business requirements. It is important that the strategy to use the accounting software should be the part of the overall business level strategy of the organization. The products like Xero and Microsoft Dynamics or other have similar capabilities. The organizations should do the comparative study of the vendors to make the best decision. It is expected that the market of accounting software package in Australia would observe a transformation from growth stage to maturity stage. References Amran, A.M., Rahman, R.A., Yusof, S.N.S. and Mohamed, I.S., 2014. The current practice of Islamic microfinance institutions accounting information system via the implementation of mobile banking.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,145, pp.81-87. Bolker, B.M., Brooks, M.E., Clark, C.J., Geange, S.W., Poulsen, J.R., Stevens, M.H.H. and White, J.S.S., 2009. Generalized linear mixed models: a practical guide for ecology and evolution.Trends in ecology evolution,24(3), pp.127-135. Clark, R.A., Shoaib, M., Hewitt, K.N., Stanford, S.C. and Bate, S.T., 2012. A comparison of InVivoStat with other statistical software packages for analysis of data generated from animal experiments.Journal of Psychopharmacology,26(8), pp.1136-1142. Granlund, M., 2011. Extending AIS research to management accounting and control issues: A research note.International Journal of Accounting Information Systems,12(1), pp.3-19. Jadhav, A.S. and Sonar, R.M., 2009. Evaluating and selecting software packages: A review.Information and software technology,51(3), pp.555-563. Moghadam, H.M., Akhavansaffar, M., Bakhshaei, Z. and MirHosseini, S.Y., 2013. Effect of investment in information technology system on providing desired services of accounting information system.Elixir International Journal A,55, pp.13268-13273. Mouritsen, J., Hansen, A. and Hansen, C.., 2009. Short and long translations: Management accounting calculations and innovation management.Accounting, Organizations and Society,34(6), pp.738-754. Oster, R.A., 2012. An examination of statistical software packages for categorical data analysis using exact methods.The American Statistician. Prasad, A. and Green, P., 2015. Organizational competencies and dynamic accounting information system capability: impact on AIS processes and firm performance.Journal of Information Systems,29(3), pp.123-149. Vanhoof, E., De Bruyn, P., Aerts, W. and Verelst, J., 2016, May. Building an Evolvable Prototype for a Multiple GAAP Accounting Information System. InEnterprise Engineering Working Conference(pp. 71-85). Springer International Publishing.

Business Practice (United Kingdom)

Question: Describe about the Key issues in keeping accurate confidential patient records (UK Law)? Answer: Key issues in keeping accurate confidential patient records (UK Law) In current world scenario where there is manipulation and theft of data, information is needed to be kept protected (Ward, 2014). Data gets mishandled when there are a large number of visits of people in one place and healthcare industry is one such place where the population strength is never less (Charlesworth, 2006). Thus here there is a high chance of mishandling of data (Castledine, 2006). A patients information is very vital and sensitive that needs to be protected. Disclosure of which may lead to severe consequences. A patients records contain much information like name, age, address, family members, phone numbers, etc. If any other party is trying to harm the patient or patients family, he or she may mess with the information. Also it includes the data on medical checkup, the disease the patient is having, operation dates, the operation results, etc. These informations should be kept safely by the medical authorities or the institution so that no destructive doings happen which puts the patient and its family in danger, also putting the reputation status of the medical organization at stake. The patients record keeping should be very accurate. It should be exact, simple and should plainly distinguish all details, verdicts, findings and suggestions (Cave, 2009). Sometimes the medical authorities find themselves in quandary where they have to provide information to th e people like social workers, insurers, relatives, etc (Dimond, 2004). Sometimes patients information is accessed for payment issues, appointments, audit, research, etc. Information Governance in UK has been produced to protect the confidentiality and disclosure of the patients in UK (Selvam, 2015). The law in UK which protects the information about the patients can be jotted down as follows: Information of patient should be disclosed with the consent of the patient. Identification of people who access information of the patient without any authority. Patients should have the right to access their medical records. Patients records should also be allowed to created and transmitted by electronic media. No data of the patient shall be given for research with the approval of the patient. Data from external authority such as x-ray, pathology should be monitored and kept a record. Recordings of the patient for their care. Consent of the patient in UK is very vital as the patient must be the one who will give the permission before they are attended and treated by the medical authorities (Hey, 2009). It should be given to the immediate healthcare authority that will treat that particular patient (Russ, 2010). This is a part of the medical ethics. It can be done in two ways: Written: Taking an approval from the patient by signing a contract. Verbal: Saying them that they are glad to have an MRI or x-ray. There are many emergency services in UK which are immediately available for the people with severe injury and illness and those are free service at the moment of care. Emergency cars and ambulances are always available regardless of the status of the patient whether he is a resident of the country or not. NHS 111, a service that is introduced in England to make it simpler to access the local service of healthcare. It is available all the time, 24 hours and 365 days. People can call for this service whenever there is an emergency situation. It is a service of trained doctors, advisors, nurses who are experienced (Wachter, 2008). They ask questions to interpret the symptoms of the patients and give advice or else assist the patient to the nearby healthcare service (Tortora and Derrickson, 2011). References Castledine, G. (2006). The importance of keeping patient records secure and confidential. Br J Nursing, 15(8), pp.466-466. Cave, E. (2009). Adolescent Consent and Confi dentiality in the UK. European Journal of Health Law, 16(4), pp.309-331. Charlesworth, A. (2006). The future of UK data protection regulation. Information Security Technical Report, 11(1), pp.46-54. Dimond, B. (2004). Healthcare professionals and euthanasia: current law in the UK. Br J Nursing, 13(15), pp.922-924. Hey, E. (2009). Keeping confidential information confidential. The Lancet, 373(9664), p.630. Russ, K. (2010). Risk Assessment in the UK Health and Safety System: Theory and Practice. Safety and Health at Work, 1(1), pp.11-18. Selvam, A. (2015). First Aid? Please? First Aid? . Annals of Emergency Medicine, 65(3), pp.337-338. Tortora, G. and Derrickson, B. (2011). Principles of anatomy physiology. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Wachter, R. (2008). Understanding patient safety. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. Ward, L. (2014). Record-keeping and documentation. Nursing Standard, 29(15), pp.61-61.

Journal of Management Sciences and Education †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Journal of Management Sciences and Education. Answer: Introduction: Husayn Haykal has established the life of Prophet Muhammad in the most rational and modern way with great expertise. The book The Life of Muhammad has been one of the finest biographies of the Prophet that creates a balance between the miraculous events in his life, and the human part of him which includes rationally explaining his daily activities, and establishing him as a person who is the most loving, most forgiving and perfect (Haykal, 1976). The book starts with the commentary on the relationship of the Christians and the Muslims, the worlds two largest faith and the author has variedly wondered when there were such similarities in the faith and scriptures of these two communities then how could war and hate of such a long time continue unhindered. There is the orthodox section of Islamic scholars who view the life of the Prophet as one being beyond human, which only reflects miracles and super human aspects of him (Fitzpatrick Walker, 2014). Haykal has given more emphasis on rationality and scientific aspects of Islam and life of the Prophet. As a perfect example it can be said that the journey to Jerusalem of Prophet Muhammad in one night has been defined by many orthodox Islamists, done physically by Muhammad. However, the author has stated that such journey can be done in spirit. He has written, Those who believe that al Isrd' took place in spirit do not find such reports unbelievable now that science in our own days has confirmed the possibility of hypnotism and of the hypnotized one to report about events far removed from him. For a spirit holding in unity and presence the spiritual life of the universe in toto, for one so endowed with vision and power so as to penetrate the secret of all life from eternity to eternity, such a feat is not at all surprising. The writer has very consciously rejected the aspects of the faith that can be perceived as superstitious and vague according to the modern sensibility. He has seen Islam as the most scientific and modern religion. The modern society is based on scientific views about life and the author understood well that any attempt to preach unscientific and irrational ideas would result in the larger section of the population rejecting the faith. Therefore, he has given great effort in establishing Islam as a very scientific and understandable religion, and the life of the Prophet has been portrayed as the perfect human. In establishing the life of Prophet Muhammad in the most scientific way, he also countered various criticisms about the Muhammad regarding his marriage and his invasions. The author has effectively validated the Prophets life in the sincerest way maintaining the rational overtone. Any kind of interpretations that are not supported by modern rational are rejected. Therefore, it c an be safely perceived that this book is a great attempt to retrieve the example of the Prophet Muhammad for life in modern society. Islamic states are those where the official religion is Islam. In many Islamic states it is unauthorized to preach other religions publicly. Abul Ala Mawdudi is the person behind conceptualizing and idealizing the modern notion of Islamic state. There is a notable difference between the Islamic state as stated by Ayatollah Khomeini and that of Abul Ala Mawdudi. In the case of Khomeini, the concept was more radical and he supported the idea of enforced Islamization on individuals (Gholizadeh Hook, 2012). However, Mawdudi followed a more softer line of Islamization where the term mainly denotes the Islamization of society and social order instead of individuals. The social rung will be designed in a way that following a life devoid of Islamic principles would be impossible. The three main principles in this regard are Tawhid or the oneness with God, Risala or prophet hood, and Khilafa or the Caliphate. The Islamic government was clearly defined by Khomeini in his book Hokumat-e Islami: Velayat-e faqih. In this book he has clearly denoted the need for establishing an Islamic state, that which will be administered by radical Islamic laws which will include execution in occasions of blasphemy to the religion. Mawdid has on the other hand philosophically recognized the sovereignty of God which denotes that sources of all law is God himself (Mawdudi, 2013). A person born into a Muslim family cannot be considered as a Muslim unless that person follows Islamic way of life with faith. Mawdudi explained a Muslim as a slave of god, and that he does not have the independence in choosing to do what as he likes if that is not permitted by Islam, however he believed that this must be done by educating and convincing, rather than enforcing the way of life on individua l (Mawdudi, 2016). Maududi saught to bring a revival in the religion and wrote several books according to his idea of true Islam. Maududi essentially viewed secularism and socialism as evil and as an input of western imperialism. Maududi is the founder of Jamat-e-Islami, Asias largest Islamic organization, and he is thought to be the inspiration behind the Islamic State of Pakistan. Khomeini who was Shia by faith had been quoted as saying democracy as bad as prostitution. His idea was establishing an Islamic state which will follow Islamic principles by strict authority (Leurs, 2012). According to Maududi Sharia was the basis on which a Muslim society will essentially be Muslim in its nature. Without the presence and application of Sharia the society cannot be called Islamic. The laws which are borrowed from other sources cannot be deemed as laws from the God hence these kinds of societies are not essentially Islamic in nature. Muhammad Abduh has been largely popular as Islamic Modernism. His thought is based on the idea that the present Muslim population of the world, if continues to be rigid about the thoughts and interpretations provided by the ancient scholars, then it will be difficult for the Islamic society to cope up with the modern world. Human intelligence is the key to help him interpret the ancient philosophies in a modern light. The scholar had given various thoughts about the decline in the quality of the Muslim society, some of which are growth of a number of un-Islamic thoughts and beliefs, the present Islamic society being stagnant into age old thought processes. The Islamic society has become stagnant he believed and there was a need of reforming the society with re-interpretation of the older thoughts and through education of the larger section of the society. Education will bring in the required reforms which will help in relieving the Islamic societies from the different crisis it is going through. The scholar had broadly divided the customs of Islam into two categories, Ibadat or which are the inseparable part of the Islamic faith which cannot be changed in any circumstances. On the other hand, the Muamlat were the social affairs of Islamic society which can be changed and modernised or transformed with time. The reason of the failure of Islam in the modern world is mainly because the absence of a clear understanding between these two concepts. The significance of his thoughts in the way of building a modern Islamic society lies in the fact that he tried to assimilate scientific theories with Islamic thoughts, and he believed that if proper interpretation of the Quran can be made there is no distinction between the two (Amir, Shuriye Ismail, 2012). Islam as a religion is complete in its nature, it provides legal, medical, and social solutions to all the problems in human life therefore the Islamic social aspects should be highlighted to the world and all the thoughts that impede the growth of Islam should be reformed through education and re interpretation. The Hadith which describes the discourses and advices given by the Prophet Muhammad gives social direction to human life, on the other hand the Sharia is the legal framework in which the Islamic states should be governed. However, the age old interpretation and application of these have caused a stagnation to Islamic society. The scholar believed in greater harmonious relationship between various religious communities. He also endeavoured in establishing a better friendship between the Shia and the Sunni sect of Islam. He was quoted as saying "I hope to see the two great religions, Islam and Christianity hand-in-hand, embracing each other. Then the Torah and the Bible and the Qur'an will become books supporting one another being read everywhere, and respected by every nation. His thoughts contributed considerably to the idea of establishing an Islamic society that would be modern and reformist in its approach (Aksoy, 2015). References: Aksoy, N. (2015).Meeting the challenges of modernity as experienced by Said Nursi, Muhammad Iqbal and Muhammad Abduh. Rutgers The State University of New Jersey-New Brunswick. A'la Mawdudi, S. A. (2013).Towards Understanding Islam. Kube Publishing Ltd. A'la Mawdudi, S. A. (2016).Let us be Muslims. Kube Publishing Ltd. Amir, A. N., Shuriye, A. O., Ismail, A. F. (2012). Muhammad Abduhs Contributions to Modernity.Asian Journal Of Management Sciences And Education ISSN. Fitzpatrick, C., Walker, A. H. (Eds.). (2014).Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. Gholizadeh, S., Hook, D. W. (2012). The discursive construction of the 19781979 Iranian Revolution in the speeches of Ayatollah Khomeini.Journal of Community Applied Social Psychology,22(2), 174-186. Haykal, M. H. (1976).The life of Muhammad. American Trust Publications. Leurs, R. (2012). Ayatollah Khomeini: The changing face of Islam.Estudos Em Comunicao N o 12, 25-45 Dezembro de 2012, Estudos em, 25-45.

Magdelana Abakanowicz Essays - Abakanowicz, , Term Papers

Magdelana Abakanowicz Magdelana Abakanowicz was born in 1930 near Falenty, Poland. She studied at the Warsaw Academy of Fine Arts, and sought to escape from the conventional art forms through weaving. Abakanowicz creates sculpture in bronze, wood, steel, ceramic, and burlap. Her main subjects are human and animal figures presented in large groups of 50, 80, or 150 exemplars. Abakanowicz also works in drawing, painting, choreographing dances, and architectural projects. Her work can be seen in museums all over the world. Often in her work she explores the alerted reality created by groups of sculpture in a gallery while also drawing heavily upon her personal and family history. Abakanowicz's work demonstrates an evolution from themes to dwellings, to humans, to the primality of organic growth itself. Abakanowicz's strong idealism and forceful speaking style suggest a productive tenacity born of a defensive self-belief. She feels ?overawed by the quantity where counting no longer makes sense. By unrepeatedl y within such a quantity. By creatures of nature gathered in herds, droves, species, in which each individual, while subservient to the mass, retains some distinguishing features. A crowd of people, birds, insects, or leaves is a mysterious assemblage of variants of certain prototype. A riddle of nature's abhorrence of exact repetition or inability to produce it. Just as the human hand cannot repeat its own gesture, I invoke this disturbing law, switching my own immobile herds into that rhythm.?

Safe in My Own Pierced Skin free essay sample

I was a sophomore and waiting for the end of year, but also wishing that it wouldnt come because my mother was moving away. We didnt have a perfect relationship, but it was a precious one. It was a mystery to me how I would survive without her, or how I would say good-bye. We decided to have a mother-daughter day. It was to be an extraordinary bonding day, and it was. I was treated like royalty. My mother wanted to make sure I was happy before she left. That seemed impossible, though, because what she was trying to compensate for was the very thing that was making me unhappy. She asked if there was anything I wanted, anything at all. Jokingly, I said, Ive always wanted an eyebrow ring, expecting her to turn me down. When she said, Okay, we can do that, I didnt know how to react, but it didnt take long for excitement to replace my uncertainty. We will write a custom essay sample on Safe in My Own Pierced Skin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When we reached a safe, clean piercing place that I had researched, my mother asked for an eyebrow ring thing for my chula. The man at the counter looked at her strangely. I doubt it was because of the Spanglish, but rather wonder how many mothers accompany their daughters for a piercing? Probably very few. My mother checked the tools, the eyebrow ring itself and everything around it. She made sure the gentleman put on the cleanest gloves possible and used the most pristine needle, even though they were all in sterile packaging. When it came down to it, my mother could not bear to watch. The man clamped the area that was going to be pierced and out came the especially sanitary needle. Now there was no turning back. He asked me to count to three. One two It was done before I could finish my countdown. This was a very effective procedure that cut down on my hesitation. A few moments later, there it was two lustrous, silver balls connected by a bar sticking out of my skin in triumph. Wow, wow, wow! was all I could say. I almost like it, my mother proclaimed. I dont like the fact that a piece of metal sticking out of your skin is going to remind you how much I love you, but I almost like it. There I was, walking home, eyebrow first, thinking this definitely was the day my mother had promised, unusual but special. I received mixed reactions to my new accessory. My peers were shocked, fascinated and even speechless. Some wanted to poke at it, as if it were an illusion. I refused, of course, not wanting anything to contaminate my mothers memento. Adults had some negative reactions: You probably got hepatitis and I dont think people should be putting holes in their bodies that dont belong there. I always think, Well, I dont mean to be rude, but I dont suppose you were born with those metal hoops dangling from your ears, were you? With so much hate based on sex and race, I didnt think there would be room for piercing discrimination. I do suppose it emits a kind of image, but isnt that a stereotype? I have told my mother about some people displaying this ignorance. Well, when you go to college or become a professional, youre going to have to take it out, she advises. I highly doubt my piercing impedes any of my skills, my qualifications, or my abilities. So why would I have to remove it? Zora Neale Hurston said, I am not my race, I am me. Well, I am not my piercing or the stereotype that comes with it I am me. I did not do it because of a fad. I did not do it to have a certain image. I am not angry. I am not a criminal. I am neither a poor student nor a bad person. It is jewelry like no other, not because of its location, but because it is a part of me and because of what it means to me. Its a symbol of the bond between my mother and me, which is something I never want to let go.

Virtue Ethics

Virtue Ethics Ethics 5Running Head: VIRTUE ETHICSVirtue Ethics[Writer Name][Institute Name][Date] ¢Ã‚€ÂÆ' ¢Ã‚€ÂÆ'Virtue EthicsIntroductionVirtue ethics has been originated many years ago in different societies that conform on safety and well being of other individuals in the society. The ethics focus on what a person able to do rather than what the person is unable to do. The character of an individual throughout his life is shaped by factors such as beliefs, values and attitudes. Virtue ethics focus on the effective side of individual actions. This paper seeks to establish the application of virtue ethics in my social as well as business life.Virtue EthicsVirtue ethics is a body of knowledge within philosophy that seeks to describe in full details the character traits or virtue that constitutes a good human life. Hartman, Desjardins and McDonald (2013, p. 123) notes that the concept or ethics of virtue moves from what should be done by an individual to who the responsible individual is. Portrait of Aristoteles. Pentelic marble, copy of ...The recognition of the individual is constituted by the beliefs, values and the attitudes people have. These aspects vary from one individual to another individual.The application of virtue ethics changes the nature of justification in ethics. For example in some ethical cases justification of some actions could be tied to self interest (Hartman, Desjardins and MacDonald, 2013, p. 124). However, for such justification I likely to fail given that ethical controversies involve the conflict arising between self-interest and existing ethical values. For example individuals could prefer self-interest to ethical value in some cases where they are required to sacrifice their personal interests. For example: an individual required to pursue ethical value that required giving up large sum of money is unlikely to prefer ethical values. In this context the self interest of such...

Knowledge Management (KM) in Healthcare Systems The WritePass Journal

Knowledge Management (KM) in Healthcare Systems REFERANCES Knowledge Management (KM) in Healthcare Systems INTRODUCTION HISTORY OF KM SWOT ANALYSISKEY ISSUE OF REDDIX HOSPITALSUGGEST CHANGE Learning CultureKey Management processesTools and TechniquesRESOURCESOrganizational Fit2nd Learning outcome:SCOPE OF CHANGE AND VISIONRESISTANCEOPTIONAL APPRAISALCOMMUNICATION TO STAKEHOLDERFINALIZE CHANGE PLANIMPLEMENTING KM AT REDDIX  ObjectivesStrategic model to achieve these objectives  Patient Admission ProcessCommunication of Patient Admission DataSupporting Diagnostic and Therapeutic SciencesPoint-of-Care Data EntryEvaluation: Automated Hospital Information System ArchitectureImplement a Culture change policyThe Intervention Change ModelThe Strategic Change ModelImproved Team CommunicationReduced Problem Solving TimeImproved Patient CareREFERANCESRelated INTRODUCTION KM is a discipline that promotes an integrated approach to identifying, managing, and sharing all of an enterprise’s information assets, including database, documents, policies and procedures, as well as unarticulated expertise and experience resident in individual workers (Wickramasinghe, 2003). There are many dimensions around which knowledge can be characterized such as storage media, accessibility, typology and hierarchy. HISTORY OF KM Knowledge Management (KM) is an essential tool in today’s emerging healthcare system. Hospitals that seek to deploy KM systems need to understand the human element in the process. Earlier, success factors were only restricted to a few healthcare variables such as patient care and cost, but over the years, technology (both clinical and administrative) has evolved as a differentiating variable, thus redefining the doctrines of competition and the administration of healthcare treatments. One of the key objectives of a KM system is to insulate a hospital’s intellectual knowledge from degeneration (Elliot, 2000). The UK public sector now typically spends an estimated  £2 billion per annum on IT, equating to around 1% of the public purse (Holmes Poulymenakou, 1995), while the NHS spends around  £220 million annually on IT in hospitals (Audit Commission, 1995). Information technology is transforming the healthcare environment in ways that go beyond simple consumer health information Web sites (Hoagland, 1997). SWOT ANALYSIS Various Strengths of such organizational structure are: There is a strong control over the employees with clearly defined rules and regulations. The system is highly centralized because of which various decisions can be monitored efficientley.. There is standardization in the organization and everyone is following same procedures and thus there is no scope for any confusion. Weaknesses of bureaucratic form of organizations: The biggest weakness of such form of organization is that there is too much control leading to a lack of innovation initiatives and thus making the jobs dull and boring. Also, this has an adverse impact on the level of morale of employees which is clearly seen in case of Reddix trust hospital. Another weakness is that though decisions can be efficiently monitored it takes a lot of time to take any decision as there are only few people in whose hands such a power rests. In case this group of people is overloaded decision making will become too slow. The chain of communication is too long which generally leads to distortion of the message Bureaucracy itself encourages political behavior in the organization and people try to use wrong means to go up the hierarchy. KEY ISSUE OF REDDIX HOSPITAL Reddix Hospital does have an information system in place. It comprises of Radiology Information System, Patient Administration System, Laboratory Information System and Clinical Patient Record System, Pharmacy Systems and Nursing System. But there is a lack of interoperability between these systems and there is no clinical information governance. Further due to an inefficient Hospital Information System patient files are not available to the concerned caregivers when required. These caretakers are not aware of patients’ medical history and if some wrong medicines are given patients suffer from severe reactions. According to NHS performance report 60% of patients were suffering from life-threatening consequences of improper care. Furthermore nurses and caregivers are not aware of the best practices. Also Reddix is using a centralized computer architecture where softwares being used are 30-40 years old. Such outdated softwares have limited interfaces with other healthcare information systems. Moreover they did not have the ability to interconnect with other desktop applications. In most of the NHS hospitals a distributed form of computer architecture is followed. Moreover Reddix does not use a secure information security mechanism which is again an important point of consideration. Due to above reasons and to ensure an efficient and innovative working of Reddix Hospital Trust it was decided to adopt a proper Knowledge Management System at Reddix. Thus, a combination of all the three systems may be used to address the requirements of various stakeholders to the KM project. SUGGEST CHANGE Reddix can move to divisional form of organization as it will be easy to handle the complexities associated with a complex nature of hospital functions and divisions. In order to promote learning and development in the organization Reddix can use following methods: Learning Culture Reddix need to develop a learning culture in the organization. There should be a free flow of information within the organization. People should be able to share and exchange information and knowledge without any barriers. Senior team should people at all levels to learn regularly and learning should also be rewarded. Key Management processes Learning and development can be fostered through proper capability planning, reinforcing teams, developing values and vision for such teams and maintaining an efficient performance reward system. Tools and Techniques Open communication, mentoring and supporting colleagues, making people learn to see team and organizational goals as same are some tools to maintain learning in the organization. Thus, from above mentioned process Reddix can ensure learning and development of its staff so as to implement KM in an efficient manner. RESOURCES These organizations decentralize decision making to the business units, thereby allowing the corporate office to concentrate its focus on corporate strategy, capital allocation, and monitoring of the operational and strategic performance of business units. This creates the advantage of increasing accountability, given that common/comparable measures can be established across different divisions and internal competition for available capital can be stimulated. Along with its various merits this system may bring about certain disadvantages for Reddix Trust Hospital: First, there is the problem of duplication of services- that is, redundant marketing, manufacturing, and other functional services that are established within each unit. Costs can escalate when functions are repeated in multiple areas. Corporate executives in decentralized organizations can too easily distance themselves from their divisional operations and thus find that they lack the needed insights and skills to understand their disparate businesses. Corporate leaders can also focus so much on capital allocation and corporate strategy (e.g., mergers, divestitures, acquisitions) that they lose touch with the operational side of their businesses. Organizational Fit 2nd Learning outcome: SCOPE OF CHANGE AND VISION Healthcare organizations are facing many challenges in the 21st Century due to changes taking place in global healthcare systems. Spiraling costs, financial constraints, increased emphasis on accountability and transparency, changes in education, growing complexities of biomedical research, new partnerships in healthcare and great advances in IT suggest that a predominant paradigm shift is occurring. This shift is necessitating a focus on interaction, collaboration and increased sharing of information and knowledge which is in turn leading healthcare organizations to embrace the techniques of Knowledge Management (KM) in order to create and sustain optimal healthcare outcomes. This report describes the importance of using Information Technology knowledge management systems for healthcare organizations and provides an overview of knowledge management technologies and tools that may be used by healthcare organizations with a special focus on Reddix Hospital Trust. RESISTANCE Reddix hospital is overloaded with work. Doctors are working for double the stipulated time. The information system at Reddix is centralized and nurses and caretakers have no direct and easy access to patient records. Also there is low level of morale, lack of motivation, lack of innovation and high rate of absenteeism and staff turnover and also high rate of sickness among hospital staff. All these factors prove that Reddix Hospital Trust is following a bureaucratic form of organization. The bureaucratic hierarchy is by far the most abundant organization form as we start the new millennium. They are everywhere all of the time and it is hard to envision a world without them, or indeed any other kind of organization form that will work as well. Elliott Jaques (1989, 1990), firmly believed that the bureaucratic hierarchy’s only problem is that it still lacks complete perfection, and Hammer and Champy (1993), asserted that bureaucracy is a glue that holds organizations together. OPTIONAL APPRAISAL Reddix can use intranet to make the stakeholders properly understand what is KM and how it can enable them to work efficiently. A dedicated blog can be created where staff can exchange their understanding of the concept and that of project a whole and can learn through shared experiences. Also it will help them in understanding the flow of information within the organization and how to use the new method efficiently. A proper detailed view of the new system along with some relevant examples can be easily provided on the portal which will help in a detailed understanding of the concept. However in this system people will learn as per their understanding levels. In case there is some misunderstanding on their part it cannot be cleared and people will start working on their individual assumptions about the concept and project. This may lead to conflict and disputes while implementing the concept. Justify your planned changes? COMMUNICATION TO STAKEHOLDER The project of Knowledge Management affects a number of people related with the organization. These are- doctors, nurses, administrative staff, etc. All these people need to be properly aware of the need of KM in their organization and also how they will be benefited from such a change in the organization. The success of any KM program depends upon the clear understanding of concepts by these stakeholders. FINALIZE CHANGE PLAN Continuous use of knowledge leads to generation of new ideas which can be recorded in the system and again and again use of such idea further leads to generation of new ideas. Thus, KM will give a scope of innovation to hospital staff. Proper storage and availability of information about a patient’s health will allow the team of doctors to communicate easily and take decisions on further treatment in an efficient manner. Also the medication prescribed to patient, allergic records, surgery records, etc are readily available which can form the basis of further treatment. Another important system is to develop a program for providing training with regard to use of new system. Such programs or training workshops should be designed in a manner that each and every person in the organization is properly aware about his/her role in KM and can also help his/her subordinates in achieving efficiency through such a system. This system is good for imparting knowledge about the concept but lack practical approach. For proper implementation of the concept such workshops should be continued for some time after the introduction of KM in the hospital. It will help the staff to get real time experience of getting trained while working. Instant flow of information and improved communication leads to quick decision making. Doctors can communicate with each other regarding the treatment of some critical patient, refer to the case history available at a single place and take decision in a short period of time Reddix can take the groups of staff for some tours to other hospitals using Knowledge management effectively. This will help the staff in getting a real-world idea about use and benefits of KM. This will act as a catalyst to prepare them for them for the next stages of the project. However, this method does not ensure a deep understanding of the concept as methodology of implementing KM varies from organization to organization. IMPLEMENTING KM AT REDDIX Various steps involved in implementation of KM program at Reddix Trust Hospital are discussed as follows:   Objectives Reddix need to implement a KM program so as to improve patient care, reduce accidents, increase the morale level of the hospital staff, efficient decision making and improve the flow of information within the organization. Strategic model to achieve these objectives The achievement of an efficient KM program depends upon the designing of an efficient Application Architecture. The key features of such an architecture or model is discussed as follows:   Patient Admission Process First step in implementing Knowledge Management in Reddix is the automation of Hospital administration and registration systems that are used to â€Å"register† patients into the hospital. A powerful first point-of-contact (point-of-sale) approach for the hospital can be used in the form of embedded-chip smart cards. These cards are capable of holding compact patient medical record and biometrics identifiers. This would enable quick, automated registration and admitting, as well as information for health and health insurance purposes such as eligibility, referral, and pharmacy approval. Communication of Patient Admission Data Next is to automate the data associated with the admission of a patient which is of a relatively generic nature. Made up of standard patient demographic data, insurance particulars, and the patient’s location (department, room number, and bed), the information associated with the event of admitting a patient is of interest to most if not all of the other information systems used in the hospital. In an e-hospital, this patient information is communicated with all other applications in the hospital. Hospitals organize themselves around specialized diagnostic methods, focused medical interventions, and various therapeutic care strategies. Supporting Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences According to Becich (2000), it is estimated that 50% to 70% of the major decisions that affect patients are based on information available from clinical pathology (laboratory tests) and anatomical pathology (tissue samples). Thus it is necessary to computerize laboratories, radiology, cardiovascular laboratories, nuclear medicine, etc. For Example: The classical x-ray film processing has been replaced with â€Å"film-less† imaging processes that produce digital images in many hospitals worldwide. Hospital Pharmacy also need to be right from automated drug dispensing devices to robotic workstations used to package and barcode patient medication. Point-of-Care Data Entry Further there is a need to automate the point-of-care data. Procedures (e.g., surgeries, laboratory tests, or x-rays) can be scheduled in an enterprise scheduling system to better allocate many types of resources. Integration between the admitting and orders systems makes the process more efficient and accurate. These orders can be communicated to the appropriate clinical system (e.g., radiology or laboratory) electronically if interfaced or integrated with the order management system. Once an order is placed in a clinical system, the process of performing the ordered diagnostic test or delivering the specified medication or service begins. If the physician could consistently digitize these â€Å"paper instructions,† the improvements in the accuracy, the timeliness, and the appropriateness of patient care would be staggering. In addition, the patient vital sign data (e.g., blood pressure, fluid input and output, temperatures) are written on the patient’s chart. Technolo gy can be used to convert physician voice dictations to digital text (typically the patient’s admitting history and physical and the discharge plan and diagnosis). Evaluation:       Automated Hospital Information System Architecture [Adapted from Mon and Nunn (1999)] Implement a Culture change policy Next is to develop a proper healthy environment for KM. Staff needs to be made aware and trained about the concept of KM and how that is beneficial for different levels of the organization. People should be able to adapt to such a change being introduced in the organization. Such an acceptance will ensure the efficient implementation of KM program. Change Models Here we will discuss two change models which can be applied to Reddix Hospital. The Intervention Change Model The Strategic Change Process Model The Intervention Change Model This model developed by Robbie Paton and Jim MacCalman (2006), is based on the idea of an open system approach which view an organization as a series of interlinked and interdependent elements and components of systems and subsystems. Reddix Hospital is an organization that consists of several elements like that of consultation, pharmacy, patient care, nursing, specialized treatment, clinical information, etc. As per the intervention model firstly the problem is to be identified, which is the lack of a proper information system in the hospital. Next is to analyze and select the change options available which is determined as the need of KM in Reddix. Finally this KM is to be applied at every level and every department and element of Reddix. These functions or elements are interlinked and a change in one will mean a change in all the elements. The Strategic Change Model This model developed by Phil Beaumont complements the implementation stage of the intervention model. This model is also required to be applied at Reddix. It aims at making the staff understand the need for change in the organization. It takes the form of a story-telling which managers often use to promote change. At the start of this process senior managers at Reddix will initiate communication to engage employees in the change process. Next will be focusing on claims, evidence, theories of cause and effect to help employees understand what the need is and how the change will benefit them. Further performance conversation will take place to generate action in order to initiate change and finally closure conversations will be there to signify the successful completion of the change process. Such a process will help the staff of Reddix to grasp each and every part of KM program efficiently so as to use it effectively in their future course of action. Improved Team Communication Proper storage and availability of information about a patient’s health will allow the team of doctors to communicate easily and take decisions on further treatment in an efficient manner. Also the medication prescribed to patient, allergic records, surgery records, etc are readily available which can form the basis of further treatment. Reduced Problem Solving Time Instant flow of information and improved communication leads to quick decision making. Doctors can communicate with each other regarding the treatment of some critical patient, refer to the case history available at a single place and take decision in a short period of time Improved Patient Care An efficient KM system will reduce the burden of knowledge on the staff. They can concentrate on their work. Specialists can be consulted easily and decisions can be taken efficiently. This will improve the condition of patient care in Reddix. REFERANCES Groff, Todd. R. (2003), Introduction to knowledge Management: KM in Business, Butterworth-Heinemann Gay, Paul du (2003), The Values of Bureaucracy, Oxford University Press. Jennex, Murray E (2005), Case Studies in Knowledge Management, IGI Global Miner, John B (2006), Organizational Behavior 2: Essential Theories of Process and Structure, M.E. Sharpe, Inc. Martin, Graeme (2006), Managing People and Organizations in Changing Context, Butterworth-Heinemann. Schwartz, David G.(2006), Encyclopedia of Knowledge Management, IGI publishing. Wickramasinghe(2005), Creating Knowledge-Based Healthcare Organizations, IGI Global. Wickramasinghe, Nilmini( 2007), Knowledge-Based Enterprise: Theories and Fundamentals, IGI Publishing

Should capital punishment be suspended because of racial disparities Term Paper

Should capital punishment be suspended because of racial disparities - Term Paper Example But the question that lies is beyond the validity of imposing capital punishment but rather the effect of color or race that comes with the number of those sentenced for capital punishment. The effects of anger and retaliation are a development of social discrimination and prejudice fueled not just by the wrong act or omission but also the bigotry that comes with such hate. Capital punishment then becomes an added tool for racial discrimination rather than a positive effect of retributive justice. Researches made In 2002, a Governor of Maryland Parris Glendening initiated a research to be done by the University of Maryland regarding capital punishment and although criminologist Ray Paternoster found that the â€Å"race of the defendant was not significant in penalty-eligible cases†, race played an important factor whether the prosecutor sought for a death penalty punishment in a case (Hodgkinson and Shabas 8). There is not just racial disparity but also prosecutor disparity. A t least 43% of total executions since 1976 and 55% of those awaiting execution is for people of color (American Civil Liberties Union, 2003). The General Accounting office in 1990 showed reports that â€Å"race of the victim was found to influence the likelihood of being charged with capital murder or receiving the death penalty." In numerous jurisdictions researchers and case laws have given sufficient proof of racial disparity among persons under death row. In Philadelphia, a study made in 1997 by David Baldus and statistician George Woodworth found results that between 1983 to 1993, a 38% increase in the possibility of a person being eligible for death penalty because the defendant was black. In North Carolina, a study released by the university showed that between 1993 to 1997, a three and a half increase in the possibility of incurring a death sentence when the victim is white rather than black. The area of jurisdiction varies from the number of the race’s population an d possible historical background on racial prejudice. A good example is in the state of Georgia, where University of Iowa law professor David Baldus found that prosecutors sought death penalty for 70% of the black defendants with white victims compared to the minimal 15% white defendants who had white victims. (American Civil Liberties Union, 2003). Further effects of this study will be explained in the latter part of the discussion, as the â€Å"Baldus study† was attempted to be used as a defense in a Supreme Court case (McCleskey v. Kemp (1987). Prosecution disparity is eminent in these cases, it seems that racial discrimination the begun with society is also reflected to the administration of justice. It is the prosecutors who have the discretion in deciding whether cases should seek death penalty. Even in the choice of possible jurors, the prosecution takes control such as in the state of Philadelphia, where prosecutors move to remove 52 % of potential black jurors compar ed to a mere 23 % potential jurors of other races. Jeffrey Pokorak conducted another good research proving racial disparity. He related the important effects of race and gender of all the lawyers authorized to prosecute death penalty cases that evidenced racial disparity. In the 38 states studied, 98% of the prosecuting attorneys are white and almost all are male (Hodgkinson and Shabas 15). Supreme Court Decisions With this issue being established, the